特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Synostemon 假葉下珠屬
作者
DENG, MEI-JIH & WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Monoecious herbs, glabrous. Leaves simple, alternate, entire; petiole short; stipules paired. Flowers axillary, apetalous, perianth deeply 6-lobed, the lobes biseriate, imbricate, spreading in both sexes. Staminate flowers: 1- to few flowered in clusters, small; stamens 3 in the center of disc, filaments short connate, anthers exserted, free, 2-celled, vertically dehiscent; pistillode lack; disc 6-lobed, the lobes opposite to the tepals. Pistillate flowers: solitary, larger, styles 3, 2-branched; ovary 3-celled, obconical, tuncate-impressed at apex, ovules 2 in each cell; no disc. Capsules oviform, splitting into 2-valved cocci.
