Sapium 烏臼屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Sapium 烏臼屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, entire or serrate. Flowers in terminal simple or panicled spikes or racemes, apetalous, small. Male flowers in the upper part of the spike, several to a bract; female flowers in lower part or in separate spikes, one to a bract; disc or pistillode none. Male flowers: calyx shortly 2–3-lobed, toothed or split to base into 2 or 3 valvate sepals; stamens 3 or 2, free, the anther-cells ovoid, contiguous. Female flowers: calyx trifid; ovary 2–3-celled, the cells 1-ovuled; styles free or connate at the base, entire. Capsules pulpy or crustaceous or woody; seeds globose.
Species about 100, all in the tropics; two in Taiwan.
