Ricinus 蓖麻屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Ricinus 蓖麻屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
A coarse, erect, branched herb, or perennial and shrubby. Leaves large, alternate, orbicular-ovate, peltate, palmately lobed. Flowers apetalous, monoecious, in axillary, subpaniculate racemes, the lower ones male, in scattered fascicles, the upper ones female, crowded. Male flowers: calyx thin, splitting into 3–5 segments; stamens very numerous, the filaments variously connate in branching clusters. Female flowers: calyx spathe-like, caducous; ovary 3-celled; styles short or long, spreading, entire or 2-fid. Capsules of 3 bivalved cocci.
A monotypic genus, probably a native of Africa, now in all tropical, subtropical and many temperate countries, wild or cultivated.
