Mercurialis 山靛屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Mercurialis 山靛屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, glabrous or pilose. Leaves opposite, petiolate, dentate and bistipulate. Flowers dioecious, rarely monoecious, apetalous; male flowers in spikes, sessile or subsessile; female flowers in axillary fascicles or in spicate inflorescence. Male flowers: calyx 3-partite, membranaceous; stamens 8–20, the filaments free, the anther-cells globose or ovoid, divaricate or subpendulous, longitudinally dehiscent; rudimentary ovary and disc absent. Female flowers: sepals 3, imbricate; ovary 2-celled; styles free or connate at the base, erect or divaricate; ovules 1 in each cell; glands 2. Capsules 2-lobed, in 2-valved cocci; seeds ovoid or globose.
Species eight, mainly in the Mediterranean Region, and central Europe, one in eastern Asia.
