特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Melanolepis 蟲屎屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Trees. Leaves alternate, large, broad, palminerved. Flowers in panicles or racemes. Male flowers 3–5 in a bract; female flowers solitary in a bract. Male flowers: calyx globose, splitting into 3 or 5 lobes; disc 0; stamens very numerous, free on a convex, stellate-hairy receptacle, the anthers dorsifixed, oblong, emarginate at tip, the connective-appendages subglobose, purple; pistillodes 0. Female flowers: sepals 5; disc annular, crenate; ovary 2-, rarely 3-celled; styles free, divaricate, papillose. Capsules 2-, rarely 3-lobed, splitting into 2 bivalved cocci; seeds subglobose, foveolate, the aril purple
