特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Euphorbia 大戟屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs or shrubs, milky. Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, sometimes caducous or minute; stipules small or absent. Flowers in a small, 4–5-lobed turbinate or campanulate involucre (cyathium); cyathial cup bearing 1 or 4–5 glands in the sinuses of its lobes, the glands often with a petal-like white or colored appendage. Male flowers of a pedicellate stamen; anther-cells 2, globose. Female flowers a solitary, pedicellate, 3-celled, 3-ovuled ovary; styles 3, free or connate, simple or bifid. Capsules of 3 bivalved cocci, separating from a columella and dehiscing.
參考文獻
種列表
- Euphorbia adenochlora
- Euphorbia atoto 濱大戟
- Euphorbia bifida 華南大戟
- Euphorbia capillaris
- Euphorbia carniolica
- Euphorbia chrysocoma
- Euphorbia corollata
- Euphorbia cyathophora 猩猩草
- Euphorbia dentata var. lasiocarpa
- Euphorbia esula 乳漿大戟
- Euphorbia exigua
- Euphorbia falcata
- Euphorbia formosana 台灣大戟
- Euphorbia garanbiensis 鵝鑾鼻大戟
- Euphorbia gaudichaudii
- Euphorbia gerardiana var. sturii
- Euphorbia glaucella
- Euphorbia graminea 禾葉大戟
- Euphorbia helioscopia 澤漆
- Euphorbia heterophylla 白苞猩猩草
- Euphorbia hirta 飛揚草
- Euphorbia hsinchuensis 新竹地錦
- Euphorbia humifusa 田代氏大戟
- Euphorbia hypericifolia 假紫斑大戟
- Euphorbia hyssopifolia 紫斑大戟
- Euphorbia ipecacuanha
- Euphorbia jolkini 岩大戟
- Euphorbia lasiocarpa
- Euphorbia macgillivrayi
- Euphorbia maculata 斑地錦
- Euphorbia makinoi 小葉大戟
- Euphorbia neriifolia 金剛纂
- Euphorbia nutans 大地錦
- Euphorbia palustris
- Euphorbia pekinensis 大戟
- Euphorbia peplus 荸艾類大戟
- Euphorbia platyphyllos
- Euphorbia polycarpa
- Euphorbia polygonifolia
- Euphorbia prolifera 土瓜狼毒
- Euphorbia prostrata 伏生大戟
- Euphorbia pulcherrima 聖誕紅
- Euphorbia saxatilis
- Euphorbia serpens 匍根大戟
- Euphorbia shouanensis 霞山大戟
- Euphorbia sieboldiana 鉤腺大戟
- Euphorbia sp.
- Euphorbia sparrmannii 心葉大戟
- Euphorbia stictospora
- Euphorbia stricta
- Euphorbia sylvatica
- Euphorbia taihsiensis 台西大戟
- Euphorbia tarokoensis 太魯閣大戟
- Euphorbia thymifolia 千根草
- Euphorbia tilucalli 綠玉樹
- Euphorbia tinianensis
- Euphorbia tirucalli 綠珊瑚
- Euphorbia virgata
