特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Chamaesyce 地錦草屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, main axis of stem abortive above the cotyledons, apparent main axes actually sympodia, latex whitish; stipules membranous or scale-like, distinct or fused; Leaves simple, opposite, oblique at base, entire or serrulate, never lobed, petiolate. Inflorescence a cyathium; cyathia solitary, borne in terminal or axillary cymes; involucre with 5 lobes, alternate with 4 (rarely 5) glands, glands with petaloid appendages; bracteoles acicular or linear to oblanceolate, lacerate to laciniate, staminate flowers in 5 cymes, usually each of 1 to several flowers, pedicellate, naked, monandrous; pistillate flowers solitary, pedicellate, naked or with small perianth, ovary glabrous or pubescent, smooth, 3-celled, 3-ovuled; styles 3, free or basely connate, bifid. Fruits capsular, columella persistent. Seeds 4-angled, smooth, lightly rugulose or transversely rugose, ecarunculate.
