特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Breynia 山漆莖屬
作者
DENG, MEI-JIH & WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Monoecious, small trees or shrubs, glabrous. Leaves simple, alternate, spiral along the main branches, distichous along the twigs, green above, glaucescent beneath, papery or chartaceous, entire, short-petioled, stipulate. Flowers axillary; staminate flowers few-flowerd in lower axils, pistillate flowers solitary in higher axils, apetalous; without disc. Staminate flowers: calyx-lobes shortly 6-lobed, not spreading, green, obovoid-globose-turbinate, or hemispherical, with a narrow mouth, fleshy; stamens 3, connate entirely into a capitate column, anthers dehiscing longitudinally, pistillode absent; pedicellate. Pistillate flowers: calyx 6-dentate to 6-fid, turbinate, campanulate or cap-shape, whether accrescent into saucer-shaped or not in fruit; styles 3, united into a column or sessile, 3-lobed; ovary 3-celled, globose, truncate, or depressed, solid at apex. Fruit a succulent red berry, becoming purplish-black when mature, globose or depressed, indehiscent, with 3–6 trigonous cocci.
