特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Herbs, shrubs, or trees, often with milky juice, sometimes fleshy and cactus-like. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or variously compound, mostly stipulate. Flowers monoecious or sometimes dioecious, mostly actinomorphic, variously disposed, with or without perianth, sometimes with a corolla; perianth valvate or imbricate; sepals and petals usually distinct; disc often present, annular or of separate glands. Staminate flowers variable, with stamens usually as many or twice as many as the petals or reduced to one, distinct or mona-delphous; anthers mostly 2-celled. Pistillate flowers with or without staminodes, often pedicellate; ovary superior, consisting of 3 or sometimes 2, or more than 3, united, 1-celled or rarely 2-celled carpels; styles 3, distinct or basally connate, each often 2-lobed; stigmas 3 or 6; placentation axile; ovules one or less commonly 2, pendulous. Fruit usually a schizocarpous capsule splitting often elastically into three 1-seeded cocci that dehisce ventrally, sometimes a drupe; seeds often with a conspicuous caruncle; endosperm mostly copious, fleshy; embryo straight.
屬
A very large family containing about 300 genera and 8,000 species, mostly tropical and subtropical; 27 genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Alchornea 山麻桿屬
作者
HSIEH, CHANG-FU, CHAW, SHU-MIAW and WANG, JENN-CHE
型態特徵
Shrubs or trees, pubescent. Leaves alternate, entire or toothed, sometimes stipulate and usually glandular at the base. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, clustered on simple or paniculate terminal spikes or racemes, apetalous. Male flowers in clusters; calyx 2–3-partite, the lobes valvate in bud; stamens 6–8, the filament free or connate at the base. Female flowers solitary; calyx 3–6-partite, the lobes imbricate in bud; ovary 2–3, rarely 4-celled, the styles free, entire or sometimes 2-fid; ovule 1 in each cell. Capsules of 2–3, 2-valved, crus¬taceous cocci; seeds subglobose.
