Ericaceae
杜鵑花科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Ericaceae 杜鵑花科 ]
作者
LI, Hui-Lin, LU, Sheng-You, YANG, Yuen-Po and TSENG, Yen-Hsueh
型態特徵
Shrubs, occasionally subshrubs or trees, or rarely vines. Leaves opposite or alternate, simple, estipulate. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, solitary or in racemes or panicles. Perianth biseriate, parts of each series usually more or less connate. Calyx 4–7-lobed, usually persistent. Corolla 4–7-segmented, often funnelform-campanulate, convolute or imbricate. Stamens as many or twice as many as petals, free or connate at base; anthers 2-celled, each theca dehiscing introrsely by a terminal pore or longitudinally. Ovary superior or inferior, 4–10- or typically 5-celled; ovules usually numerous per locule; style single, conical to filiform, rarely as many as carpels, stigma simple. Fruit a capsule or berry; seeds usually small, embryo straight, endosperm fleshy.
屬
About 70 genera, widely distributed on acid soils throughout temperate regions; six genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
[ Pyrolaceae 鹿蹄草科 ]
作者
HSU, Tsai-Wen, KUOH, Chang-Sheng and HSIEH, Chang-Fu
型態特徵
Perennial evergreen herbs or saprophytes without chlorophyll. Leaves alternate, subopposite or in false whorls, simple, foliaceous or scale-like, mostly coriaceous and toothed. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic or nearly so, bracteate; calyx of 5 free or shortly connate sepals; petals 4 or 5, free or united, hypogynous; stamens 8–10 distinct; anthers dorsifixed, 2-celled, opening by pores; ovary 5-lobed, locules 5 or sometimes incompletely chambered; placentas thick, bearing numerous small anatropous ovules. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, rarely a berry; seeds minute, testa loose, endosperm abundant.
參考文獻
Pyrola 鹿蹄草屬
作者
HSU, Tsai-Wen, KUOH, Chang-Sheng and HSIEH, Chang-Fu
型態特徵
Perennial, glabrous herbs. Leaves radical, alternate, usually long petiolate, entire or serrate. Flowers in erect bracteate racemes, nodding, white, reddish or purplish; calyx 5-parted, persistent; petals 5, concave, caducous; stamens 10, erect or declined, filaments subulate, glabrous, anthers reflexed in bud, 4-1ocular, apex rounded or 2-tubular, dehiscing by terminal pores; ovary subglobose, 5-1ocular; style erect or declined, apex filiform or clavate, stigma 5-lobed; ovules numerous, on thickened placentas of the persistent axis; disc absent or 10-crenate. Capsules subglobose, 5-1ocular, dehiscent; seeds small, testa produced at both ends.
About 40 species in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere; three species in Taiwan.
