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Cyperaceae

莎草科

APG 4
Flora of Taiwan
特徵描述
屬列表
Actinoscirpus 大藨草屬
Bolboschoenus 塊莖藨草屬
Bulbostylis 球柱草屬
Carex 薹屬
Cladium 克拉莎屬
Cyperus 莎草屬
Diplacrum 裂穎茅屬
Eleocharis 荸薺屬
Fimbristylis 飄拂草屬
Fuirena 黑珠蒿屬
Gahnia 黑莎草屬
Hypolytrum 割雞芒屬
Kyllinga 水蜈蚣屬
Lepironia 石龍芻屬
Lipocarpha 湖瓜草屬
Mariscus 磚子苗屬
Pycreus 扁莎屬
Remirea 海濱莎屬
Rhynchospora 刺子莞屬
Schoenoplectus 擬莞屬
Schoenus 赤箭莎屬
Scirpus 莞屬
Scleria 珍珠茅屬
Torulinium 斷節莎屬
Trichophorum 針藺屬
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特徵描述

作者

KOYAMA, Tetsuo, KUOH, Chang-Sheng & LEONG, Wai-Chao

型態特徵

Perennial or annual herbs, grass-like or rush-like, rarely with elongated woody caudices. Culms generally trigonous and solid. Leaves radical and/or cauline; blade linear or lanceolate-elliptic, sheathing at base, occasionally reduced to nearly bladeless sheaths; ligules present or absent; abaxial side of leaf sheaths sometimes projected beyond sheath orifice forming a tongue-like appendage (contraligule). Inflorescences various, mostly corymbose, paniculate, spicate, racemose or heads, subtended by leafy bracts, bearing 1 to numerous spikelets. Spikelets with few to many glumes; glumes imbricate or 2-ranked on a simple axis (rachilla); all or some glumes bearing an axillary flower or at times a bisexual cymule in axil, or rarely rachilla determinate with a single terminal pistillate flower and spikelet bearing 0-few small staminate partial spikelets in axils of some glumes. Flowers hermaphroditic or unisexual, without perianth or perianth of 3-many bristles or scaly segments. Stamens generally 1-3. Pistil bi- or tri-carpellate; styles 2- or 3-(rarely to 8-) fid at apex; ovary unilocular, with a single anatropous ovule; fruit an achene.

A family of more than 5,000 species in 70-120 genera, distributed throughout the world under all ecological conditions, with the highest generic concentration in tropical South America. The family is divided into five tribes: Cariceae, Cypereae, Mapanieae, Rhynchosporeae and Sclerieae.

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型態特徵

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學名 中名 標本數