Carex 薹屬
型態特徵
Perennial herbs, monoecious or rarely dioecious. Leaves 3-ranked, radical and/or cauline, with linear or rarely lanceolate blade, base forming a closed sheath; radical sheaths often colored with brown, reddish brown, purple brown or dusky brown, often disintegrating into fibers and covering neck of rhizome. Inflorescence racemose, spicate, fasciculate or paniculate with 2 to many spikes, or a single terminal spike; lateral spikes usually with a utriculiform or ocreiform bracteole (cladoprophyll). Spikes wholly staminate (terminal one), wholly pistillate (lateral ones) or bisexual (androgynous when staminate flowers above, gynaecandrous when female flowers above). Spikelets reduced to a single flower. Staminate spikelets a triandrous naked staminate flower in axil of staminate glumes. Pistillate spikelet a single naked pistil contained in a bottle shaped prophyll (utricle/perigynium). Glumes spirally arranged on a simple axis of spikes, close together; staminate ones bearing an axillary staminate flower; pistillate ones bearing an axillary utricle. Utricles completely closed except at apical orifice through which style and stigma are exserted, 2-costate, nerved or nerveless; lower part (body) dilated, attenuated or contracted above to beaked or non-beaked apex; each utricle subtended by a pistillate glume. Fruit an achene, trigonous with 3 stigmas or lenticular with 2 stigmas, enclosed within utricle.
A variable genus with more than 2,000 species, widespread in both hemispheres. In Taiwan, widely distributed from seashore, swamp, forest floor to high mountain grassland.
種列表
- Carex alliiformis 林下薹
- Carex alopecuroides 川上氏薹
- Carex alterniflora 宜蘭宿柱薹
- Carex arisanensis 阿里山疏花薹
- Carex atrata 南湖扁果薹
- Carex baccans 紅果薹
- Carex bilateralis 短葉二柱薹
- Carex brachyathera 垂穗薹
- Carex breviculmis 短莖宿柱薹
- Carex brevicuspis 大山宿柱薹
- Carex breviscapa 寬果宿柱薹
- Carex brownii 布朗薹
- Carex brunnea 束草
- Carex capillacea 單穗薹
- Carex caucasica 大井氏扁果薹
- Carex chrysolepis 黃花薹
- Carex cruciata 煙火薹
- Carex cryptostachys 隱柱薹
- Carex doniana 芒尖薹
- Carex echinata 刺苞薹
- Carex fernaldiana 線葉宿柱薹
- Carex filicina 紅鞘薹
- Carex finitima 長柱薹
- Carex formosensis 寶島宿柱薹
- Carex fuirenioides
- Carex fuirenioides var. gracilis
- Carex fulvorubescens 茶色扁果薹
- Carex gracilispica 細穗宿柱薹
- Carex grallatoria var. heteroclita 水鳥薹
- Carex hoozanensis 鳳凰宿柱薹
- Carex impressa
- Carex kiotensis 褐柄薹
- Carex kobomugi 海米
- Carex ligulata 舌葉薹
- Carex liuii 劉氏薹
- Carex longii 龍氏薹
- Carex longistipes 長梗扁果薹
- Carex macrandrolepis 菱果薹
- Carex maculata 斑點薹
- Carex makinoensis 牧野氏薹
- Carex manca ssp. takasagoana 夢佳宿柱薹
- Carex metallica 寬穗薹
- Carex mitrata var. aristata 具芒宿柱薹
- Carex morii 森氏薹
- Carex nemostachys 毛囊果薹
- Carex nubigena 聚生穗序薹
- Carex orthostemon 直蕊宿柱薹
- Carex oxyandra 球穗薹
- Carex pallida 疣囊薹草
- Carex perakensis 黃穗薹
- Carex phacota 鏡子薹
- Carex pumila 小海米
- Carex purpureotincta 太魯閣薹
- Carex rafflesiana 紅頭薹
- Carex rhynchachaenium 初島氏宿柱薹
- Carex rochebruni 高山穗序薹
- Carex sacrosancta 長葉二柱薹
- Carex satzumensis 油薹
- Carex scabrifolia 鹼簣
- Carex scaposa 花葶薹草
- Carex sclerocarpa 硬果薹
- Carex sociata 中國宿柱薹
- Carex sp.
- Carex subfilicinoides 亞紅鞘薹
- Carex taihokuensis 台北薹
- Carex taiwanensis 台灣疏花薹
- Carex teinogyna 細梗薹草
- Carex transalpina 大武宿柱薹
- Carex tristachya var. pocilliformis 抱鱗宿柱薹
- Carex tumida 腫喙薹
- Carex urelytra 扁果薹
- Carex wahuensis 布氏宿柱薹
- Carex wahuensis var. boottiana
