Senecio 黃菀屬
作者
PENG, Ching-I, CHUNG, Kuo-Fang & LI, Hui-Lin
型態特徵
Herbs or shrubs, rarely trees, sap sometimes milky. Leaves alternate or opposite, rarely whorled, simple or pinnately lobed or divided, estipulate. Flowers 1 to many, arranged in heads, heads solitary or variously arranged into synflorescences. Receptacle variously shaped, either glabrous, setose, or paleaceous, subtended by an involucre of one or more series of bracts (phyllaries). Florets bisexual or unisexual, occasionally neutral. Calyx represented by a pappus of diverse forms or seemingly absent. Corolla gamopetalous, tubular or discoid with 4 or 5 equal teeth or lobes or 2–5 lobes fused and elongate and forming a 2–5 toothed limb or ligule, or corolla bilabiate. Stamens 5, epipetalous, filaments distinct, anthers introrse, connate and forming a tube around style, apex usually appendaged, base often caudate or sagittate. Pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-celled; style simple, slender, usually bifid; ovule solitary, anatropous. Fruit an achene, often crowned with a setose, paleaceous, or plumose pappus. Endosperm absent.
屬
One of the largest families of flowering plants comprising about 1,535 genera and about 23,000 species, cosmopolitan. About 84 genera and 221 species, plus 20 additional infraspecific taxa in Taiwan.
參考文獻
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Bremer, K, Timber Press, Portland 752. 1994.
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Senecio 黃菀屬
作者
PENG, Ching-I & CHUNG, Shih-Wen
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, subshrubs, shrubs or small trees, generally with alternate leaves, very variable in habit and foliage. Heads radiate or discoid. Involucre generally calyculate. Florets mostly yellow, sometimes pink, purple, or violet, only rarely white. Anthers not caudate; filament collar dilated. Style branches truncate to obtuse, with a crown of hairs, without appendage, with discrete stigmatic lines. Achenes ellipsoid-obovoid, ribbed, glabrous or pubescent, sometimes with myxogenic hairs. Pappus of many fine bristles.
Worldwide but most species in South America (ca. 500 species) and Africa (ca. 350 species), some widespread weedy species, in total ca. 1,250 species; in Taiwan, about seven species, one of which is represented by two varieties.
參考文獻
- PENG, Ching-I & CHUNG, Kuo-Fang; LI, Hui-Lin, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 1051. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Jeffrey, C. & Y. L. Chen., Kew bulletin 39(2): 205-446. 1984. (Kew Bull.)
- Koyama, H., Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Series of Biology 2(2): 137-183. 1969. (Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyoto Univ., Ser. Biol.)