Commelinaceae
鴨跖草科
特徵描述
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes with stolons. Stems erect, ascending or decumbent. Leaves linear, lanceolate or ovate; sheath cylindrical. Prophyll sheathing, membranaceous, at base of branches. Inflorescence terminal, rarely axillary, a cincinnus, drepanium, thyrse or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, or staminate, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, trimerous; sepals 3, green, persistent; petals 3, white, blue or purple, free or fused basally; stamens 6, all alike or heteromorphic with 2-3 fertile stamens and 3-4 staminodes, filaments glabrous or barbate; ovary superior, locules 1 or 2, style glabrous or barbate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscent, rarely indehiscent. Seeds uniseriate, rarely biseriate, embryostega lateral, semilateral, dorsal or apical, hilum punctiform or linear.
屬
About 40 genera with ca. 650 species, in warm regions. Eight genera with 19 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I. 2000. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 153. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hong, D. Y. 1974. Acta phytotaxonomica sinica eng 12(4): 459-488. (Acta Phytotax. Sin.)
- Hong, D. Y. 1997. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 13(3): 69-133. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Pollia 杜若屬
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Perennial herbs, andromonoecious. Main stems erect, often with subterranean rhizomes, glabrous or sparsely uncinate. Leaves usually petiolate; blade reduced towards inflorescence, lanceolate, apex acuminate, base cuneate; sheaths cylindrical, overlapping, sparsely uncinate. Inflorescence a terminal thyrse, cincinni mainly alternate or mainly subverticellate; peduncle with uncinate hairs; bracts lanceolate or lorate-lanceolate; bracteoles deltoid, infundibuliform, perfoliate; pedicel glabrous. Flowers actinomorphic, dimorphic (in functionally male flowers pistil abortive); sepals 3, free, white, persistent, ellipsoid, concave, apex obtuse, glabrous; petals 3, white, equal, oblanceolate or obovate; stamens 6, monomorphic or dimorphic with 3 staminodes, glabrous; ovary globose-ellipsoid; style glabrous. Capsules indehiscent, trilocular, indigo, metallic, globose. Seeds 5-8 per locule, biseriate, polygonal, dorsiventral, scrobiculatus, embryostega dorsal, sunken, hilum punctiform.
Species ca. 17, in tropical regions; three species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I. 2000. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 173. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hara, H. 1984. Journal of Japanese Botany 59: 181-184. (J. Jpn. Bot.)
