Commelinaceae
鴨跖草科
特徵描述
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes with stolons. Stems erect, ascending or decumbent. Leaves linear, lanceolate or ovate; sheath cylindrical. Prophyll sheathing, membranaceous, at base of branches. Inflorescence terminal, rarely axillary, a cincinnus, drepanium, thyrse or flower solitary. Flowers bisexual, or staminate, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, trimerous; sepals 3, green, persistent; petals 3, white, blue or purple, free or fused basally; stamens 6, all alike or heteromorphic with 2-3 fertile stamens and 3-4 staminodes, filaments glabrous or barbate; ovary superior, locules 1 or 2, style glabrous or barbate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscent, rarely indehiscent. Seeds uniseriate, rarely biseriate, embryostega lateral, semilateral, dorsal or apical, hilum punctiform or linear.
屬
About 40 genera with ca. 650 species, in warm regions. Eight genera with 19 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I. 2000. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 153. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hong, D. Y. 1974. Acta phytotaxonomica sinica eng 12(4): 459-488. (Acta Phytotax. Sin.)
- Hong, D. Y. 1997. Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 13(3): 69-133. (Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.)
Commelina 鴨跖草屬
作者
WANG, Jenn-Che, CHEN, Yo-Jiun, and PENG, Ching-I
型態特徵
Annual or perennial andromonoecious herbs. Stems branched, prostrate at base, erect above, rooting at nodes. Leaves sessile to subpetiolate, lanceolate or ovate; sheath cylindrical, margins pilose. Prophyll apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal and leaf-opposed, composed of 1 or 2 cincinni enclosed in a spathe-like bract; spathe infundibuliform, or cordate and folded; bracteoles lacking. Flowers zygomorphic; sepals 3, greenish, persistent, elliptic, concave, unequal, anticous two elliptic, posticous one lanceolate; petals 3, free, blue to indigo, rarely white, unequal, lateral petals planar, clawed; fertile stamens 3, anticous, dimorphic; filaments glabrous; staminodes 2 or 3, posticous, all alike, antherodes cruciate; ovary ellipsoid-globoid, glabrous; Capsules bilocular or trilocular, valves subequal, dorsal locule usually indehiscent. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, brown or black, deltoid or ellipsoid, dorsiventral, ventral surface planar, dorsal convex, with farinose granules, embryostega lateral, hilum linear.
About 170 species in tropical and subtropical regions; five species in Taiwan.
