特徵描述
作者
YING, SHAO-SHUN
型態特徵
Annual or perennial herbs, often suffrutescent; stems often swollen at nodes. Leaves simple, opposite, entire, stipulate or exstipulate. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual or rarely unisexual, solitary or in cymes; sepals 4-5, free or united into a tube, imbricate, often with membranaceous margins, persistent; petals as many as the sepals, very rarely absent, often entire, toothed or lobed, often clawed, sometimes with appendages (ligules, coronal scales) on the inner side; stamens (0-)3-10, often alter-nating with the petals and usually of the same number, the filaments slender, sometimes cohering at base, the anthers 2-locular, dehiscent longitudinally; ovary superior, sessile or short stipitate, 1-locular or imperfectly 2- to 5-locular at base, with free central placentation, styles 2-5, free or partially connate; ovules mostly numerous. Fruit a capsule, opening by teeth or valves, as many as or twice the styles, rarely rupturing irregularly, baccate, or indehiscent; seeds with endosperm and a more or less curved peripheral or excentric embryo.
屬
Nearly 80 genera with about 2,000 species, distributed throughout the world, but most abundant in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Ten genera in Taiwan.
參考文獻
Silene 蠅子草屬
作者
YING, SHAO-SHUN
型態特徵
Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, often suffrutescent. Stems decumbent or ascending, solitary or few. Leaves simple, opposite, linear, lanceolate, elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, flat, each pair short connate at base, or connected by a narrow margin, exstipulate. Flowers white, pink or purple, solitary or in terminal or axillary cymes; calyx tubular or campanulate, sometimes swollen, 10-60-veined, with 5 usually short lobes; petals 5, lamina and claw usually distinct, the junction often marked by 2 lateral outgrowths (auricles); coronal scales usually present, variable in form; stamens 10; ovary 3- to 5-loculed at base, styles 3-5. Fruit a capsule with variably developed basal septa (which may be completely absent), opening by twice as many teeth as styles. Seeds small, numerous, verrucose or ribbed.
參考文獻
- YING, SHAO-SHUN, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 364. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Chowdhuri, P. K., Notes R. B. G. Edinb. 22: 221-278. 1957.
種列表
- Silene acaulis 羅盤花
- Silene antirrhina
- Silene aprica var. typica
- Silene aprica var. firma
- Silene aprica 女婁菜
- Silene armeria 捕蟲瞿麥
- Silene brevicaulis
- Silene capitata 頭序蠅子草
- Silene caroliniana
- Silene chaetodonta
- Silene chlorantha
- Silene conica 夜花蠅子草
- Silene conoidea 麥瓶草
- Silene cucubalus
- Silene dichotoma
- Silene disticha
- Silene elisabethae
- Silene fissipetala 蠅子草
- Silene fissipetala var. kiiruninsularis 基隆蠅子草
- Silene fruticulosa 阿爾泰蠅子草
- Silene gallica 匙葉麥瓶草
- Silene gallica var. quinquevulnera
- Silene glandestina
- Silene halli
- Silene hirsuta
- Silene italica
- Silene laciniata
- Silene longiflora
- Silene maritima
- Silene morii 台灣蠅子草
- Silene morrisonmontana var. glabella 禿玉山蠅子草
- Silene morrisonmontana 玉山蠅子草
- Silene multiflora
- Silene nutans
- Silene ohwii 南湖大山蠅子草
- Silene otites 黃雪輪
- Silene repens 蔓莖蠅子草
- Silene rupestris
- Silene saxifraga
- Silene sp.
- Silene stellata
- Silene stenobotrys
- Silene tatarica
- Silene tatarinowii 山女婁菜
- Silene transalpina 高山蠅子草
