Capparaceae

山柑科

APG 4

Capparaceae 山柑科

特徵描述

屬列表

標本列表

特徵描述

作者

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LIAO, JIH-CHING

型態特徵

Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees, sometimes scandent; branchlets sometimes spinescent. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple, palmately compound, 3–9 foliolate, mostly entire; stipules 2, spinescent, minute or absent. Flowers usually bisexual, regular or irregular, in axillary or teminal racemes or corymbs or solitary; sepals 4–8, free or united, valvate or imbricate, rarely opening in bud; petals 4–8, rarely 0–2, sessile or clawed, hypogynous or perigynous; disc none or present and ring- or scale-like or sometimes tubular at base of petals; stamens 4, 6 or many, not tetradynamous, inserted on margin of receptacle; ovary of 2 or more carpels, stipitate or sessile, usually 1-celled with 2–4 partietal placentae, many-ovuled, style short to none, stigma depressed or capitate. Fruit a capsule or berry, rarely a drupe, usually on a short or elongate gynophore extending beyond corolla; seeds with scanty or no endosperm, angled or reniform; embryo folded.

屬

About 40 genera and more than 450 species, mostly in the tropics and subtropics; three genera and ten species in Taiwan. A few species are sometimes grown as ornamentals.

參考文獻

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LIAO, JIH-CHING, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 2: 734. 1996. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)

Capparis 山柑屬

作者

LIU, TANG-SHUI and LIAO, JIH-CHING

型態特徵

Small trees or shrubs, more or less climbing with branches often overhanging, unarmed or with 2 stipular thorns. Leaves simple, short petioled; stipules spinose or setaceous. Inflorescences various; flowers white or colored, showy; sepals 4, free in bud, in 2 series, outer 2 subvalvate, mostly concave, inner 2 flattish; petals 4, not clawed, bases of upper pair connate and surrounding a small disc; stamens many, 7–130, at base of long gynophore, filaments filiform. Ovary with a long gynophore, 1–4 celled, stigma sessile; ovules numerous, placentae parietal, 2–6. Berry fleshy, globose, subellipsoid or cylindrical, rarely dehiscent; seeds many, embedded in pulp, testa crustaceous or coriaceous, embryo with convolute cotyledons.