Amorphophallus 蒟蒻屬
型態特徵
Seasonally dormant or rarely semi evergreen perennial herbs, tubers usually depressed-globose, sometimes irregularly cylindric, napiform, rhizomatous or stoloniferous. Leaves usually solitary (rarely 2 or 3). Petioles long, usually smooth, spotted and marked in a variety of patterns, with very short sheath. Blade trisect, primary divisions pinnatisect, bipinnatisect or dichotomously further divided, ultimate lobes oblong-elliptic to linear, acuminate, decurrent, rarely petioluate. Inflorescence solitary, preceded by cataphylls, usually flowering without leaves. Peduncle similar to petiole. Spathe variously colored, marcescent and finally deciduous, boat-shaped and not or hardly convolute, or clearly differentiated into tube and blade, sometimes constricted between them; tube usually convolute. Spadix sessile or stipitate, shorter or much longer than spathe; male zone cylindric, ellipsoid, conoid or obconoid, usually contiguous with female, sometimes separated by a sterile zone which may be naked, or bearing prismatic, subglobose or hair-like sterile flowers; terminal appendix variable in shape. Flowers unisexual. Male flowers: stamens 1-6, free or sometimes connate, filaments absent or distinct. Female flowers: gynoecia usually crowded, ovary subglobose to ovoid or obovoid, 1-4-locular, ovule 1 per locule, stylar region absent, short or very long, conoid to cylindric, stigma variably shaped. Berries 1- to few seeded, orange to red, blue or white. Seeds ellipsoid, testa smooth, thin, embryo large, somewhat green superficially, endosperm absent.
About 170 species in tropical Africa, Madagascar, tropical Asia and Australia; four species, two of which are endemic, in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 5: 669. 2000. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Hetterscheid, W. L. A. and C.-I Peng, Botanical bulletin of Academia Sinica 36: 101-112. 1995. (Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin.)
- Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner and P. C. Boyce, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . 1997.
