Apocynaceae
夾竹桃科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Apocynaceae 夾竹桃科 ]
作者
LI, Huei-Lin and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng
型態特徵
Woody vines, shrubs or small trees, with milky latex. Leaves opposite, verticillate or rarely alternate, entire, estipulate. Flowers bisexual, regular, in terminal or axillary cymes; calyx 5-lobed, lobes imbricate, persistent. Corolla rotate to salverform, lobes (4–)5, convolute in bud, rarely valvate; stamens (4–)5, adnate to corolla tube, filaments usually short, anthers usually sagittate and acute, connivent, connectives sometimes adhering to stigma, cells sometimes extending into a spur below; ovary 2-carpellate, superior, carpels distinct at base, united at base of style, many-ovuled, with an annular cup-shaped or lobed disc at base, style 1, simple or divided. Fruit usually of 2 distinct follicles, sometimes berry-like or drupe-like; seeds various, usually compressed or with a tuft of hairs (coma); endosperm scanty, sometimes wanting.
屬
About 170 genera and over 2,000 species, chiefly in tropical and subtropical areas; 10 genera and 18 species in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- LI, Huei-Lin and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng. 1998. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 192. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Huang, T. C. 1986. Taiwania 31: 89-128.
- Huang, T. C. 1986. The science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University. Fourth Series, Biology 39: 75-102. (Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. 4. Biol.)
- Huang, T. C. 1989. Grana 28(2): 85-95.
- Li, H. L. 1978. Flora of Taiwan 4: 202-221. (Fl. Taiwan)
- Tsiang, Y. 1977. Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. Tomus 63: 1-249.
[ Asclepiadaceae 蘿摩科 ]
作者
LU, Fu-Yuan, KAO, Muh-Tsuen, HUANG, Shing-Fan and WANG, Jenn-Che
型態特徵
Herbs or shrubs, usually twining, with milky latex. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate or verticillate, usually entire, estipulate. Flowers perfect, regular, in terminal or axillary cymes or racemes; calyx of 5 imbricate lobes; corolla of 5 valvate lobes, overlapping to right; stamens 5, filaments free or usually united into a very short fleshy column (gynostegium) bearing a ring or corona; anthers adhering to stigma, 2-celled, pollen forming 1 or 2 waxy or granular masses (pollinia) in each cell, pollinia united in pairs to a gland on stigma;ovary superior,2-carpellate, enclosed within staminal column; styles 2, short, united into a discoid stigma; ovules many, 2-seriate in each carpel. Fruit of 1 or 2 Follicles, seeds compressed, usually winged and with a long tuft of hairs (coma); endosperm abundant; embryo large.
參考文獻
- LU, Fu-Yuan, KAO, Muh-Tsuen, HUANG, Shing-Fan and WANG, Jenn-Che. 1998. Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 220. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Li, P. T., M. G. Gilbert and W. D. Stevens. 1995. Flora of China Family 16: 189-270. (Fl. China)
Rauvolfia 蘿芙木屬
作者
LI, Huei-Lin and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng
型態特徵
Erect shrubs. Leaves usually 3 or 4 per whorl, rarely opposite, veins slender. Flowers in cymes alternating with terminal leaves, becoming lateral; calyx 5-lobed; corolla salverform, tube cylindric, throat usually pubescent within, lobes 5, broad, overlapping to left; stamens 5, included, adnate at middle of tube, anthers free from stigma, cells rounded at base; disc cupular or annular; ovary of 2 distinct or connate carpels united by filiform style, stigma bifid, ovules 2 in each cell. Fruit 2, 1-seeded Drupes; seeds ovoid; endosperm fleshy.
A large, genus about 135 species, in both the Old and New World. One species in Taiwan.
