作者

LI, Huei-Lin and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng

型態特徵

Woody vines, shrubs or small trees, with milky latex. Leaves opposite, verticillate or rarely alternate, entire, estipulate. Flowers bisexual, regular, in terminal or axillary cymes; calyx 5-lobed, lobes imbricate, persistent. Corolla rotate to salverform, lobes (4–)5, convolute in bud, rarely valvate; stamens (4–)5, adnate to corolla tube, filaments usually short, anthers usually sagittate and acute, connivent, connectives sometimes adhering to stigma, cells sometimes extending into a spur below; ovary 2-carpellate, superior, carpels distinct at base, united at base of style, many-ovuled, with an annular cup-shaped or lobed disc at base, style 1, simple or divided. Fruit usually of 2 distinct follicles, sometimes berry-like or drupe-like; seeds various, usually compressed or with a tuft of hairs (coma); endosperm scanty, sometimes wanting.

屬

About 170 genera and over 2,000 species, chiefly in tropical and subtropical areas; 10 genera and 18 species in Taiwan.

參考文獻

作者

LU, Fu-Yuan, KAO, Muh-Tsuen, HUANG, Shing-Fan and WANG, Jenn-Che

型態特徵

Herbs or shrubs, usually twining, with milky latex. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate or verticillate, usually entire, estipulate. Flowers perfect, regular, in terminal or axillary cymes or racemes; calyx of 5 imbricate lobes; corolla of 5 valvate lobes, overlapping to right; stamens 5, filaments free or usually united into a very short fleshy column (gynostegium) bearing a ring or corona; anthers adhering to stigma, 2-celled, pollen forming 1 or 2 waxy or granular masses (pollinia) in each cell, pollinia united in pairs to a gland on stigma;ovary superior,2-carpellate, enclosed within staminal column; styles 2, short, united into a discoid stigma; ovules many, 2-seriate in each carpel. Fruit of 1 or 2 Follicles, seeds compressed, usually winged and with a long tuft of hairs (coma); endosperm abundant; embryo large.

參考文獻