Asparagaceae
天門冬科
特徵描述
註：依本站目前採用的分類系統，本科部分屬在《Flora of Taiwan》中分屬不同科，因此以下依植物誌使用的科名分列特徵描述。
[ Agavaceae 龍舌蘭科 ]
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Shrubs or perennial stout herbs; rhizome subterranean; stem woody or not, short or elongate. Leaves usually aggregated at base of stem or occasionally crowded at apex of branches; blade fleshy to coriaceous, often spine-tipped or with spiny margins. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, in racemes, spikes or panicles, sometimes in a large thyrse; perianth free or more or less highly connate; tube short to rather long; segments 6, equal to subequal; stamens 6, arising from perianth tube or from base of perianth segments, filaments free, anthers medifixed, linear, 2-celled; cells longitudinally dehiscent; ovary superior to inferior, 3-locular, placentation axile, or rarely 1 locular; ovules 2-numerous, 1-2-seriate superposed, rarely solitary; style and stigmas various. Fruit a loculicidally dehiscent capsule or baccate, or dry and indehiscent; seeds one to many, globose or somewhat compressed.
屬
About 18 genera, more than 500 species mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world; four genera, native and introduced, in Taiwan.
參考文獻
[ Liliaceae 百合科 ]
作者
YING, Shao-Shun
型態特徵
Annual, biennal or perennial herbs; sometimes subshrubs or even shrubs, very rarely climbing; usually with a subterranean bulb, tuber, corm or rhizome, sometimes producing superterranean bulbils or rooting buds; stem present or absent; often erect or nearly so. Leaves simple, alternate or rarely verticillate to subopposite, membranaceous to chartaceous, or coriaceous or fleshy, some reduced to scales. Flowers mostly bisexual, rarely unisexual; actinomorphic to slightly zygomorphic, solitary, or in racemes, spikes panicles, umbels or subumbels; tepals mostly 6, rarely 4 or 8, free or connate at base and forming a tube, equal or more or less unequal. Stamens 6, rarely to 12 or fewer, hypogynous or adnate to and always opposite tepals; filaments free or variously connate; anthers 2-celled, oblong to linear, opening by a lengthwise slit or rarely by a terminal pore. Ovary usually superior, rarely half inferior, mostly 3-celled, rarely 1-celled or 4-celled; ovules numerous in each cell, biseriate, rarely 2, placentas parietal; style mostly 1, entire or more or less 3-fid. Fruit a berry or capsule; capsules loculicidal or septicidal; seeds solitary to numerous, endosperm abundant, fleshy or cartilaginous; embryo straight or curved.
