特徵描述
作者
HSIEH, Chang-Fu and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng
型態特徵
Perennial herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite and decussate, estipulate, simple, mostly entire or nearly so; cystoliths common on vegetative parts. Flowers axillary or terminal, solitary or in 2-many-flowered inflorescences, bisexual, frequently in axils of bracts; each flower often with 2 or occasionally more bracteoles; calyx lobes 4 or 5; corolla sympetalous, more or less zygomorphic, hypogynous, segments contorted to imbricate in bud; stamens 4, didynamous, or 2, inserted on corolla tube; staminodes sometimes present; filaments free or basally connate or connected by a membrane; anthers 1- or 2-celled, in latter inserted at same or different levels, basally spurred or not, dehiscing lengthwise; disc present; ovary superior, sessile on disc, 2-locular; placentation axile; ovules 2 or more in each locule, anatropous, in 2 rows; style 1, entire or shortly and often unequally bifid. Capsule usually elastically loculicidally 2-valved, 1-many-seeded; seeds usually compressed and partly surrounded by the hardened funicle (retinaculum); endosperm usually absent.
屬
A family of about 346 genera and over 4,300 species, mostly in the warmer parts of the world; 15 genera, about 32 species with three varieties in Taiwan.
參考文獻
- HSIEH, Chang-Fu and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 4: 648. 1998. (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)
- Bremekamp, C. E. B., Verh. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterd. Afd. Naturk. Tweede Sect. 2 41(1): 1-306. 1944.
- Graham, V. A. W., Kew bulletin 43(4): 551-624. 1988. (Kew Bull.)
- Yamazaki, T., Journal of Japanese Botany 66(5): 303-306. 1991. (J. Jpn. Bot.)
Rungia 明萼草屬
作者
HSIEH, Chang-Fu and HUANG, Tseng-Chieng
型態特徵
Erect herbs or shrubs. Leaves entire or nearly so. Spikes terminal or axillary, 1-sided; bracts 2-ranked or 4-ranked, 2 ranks often flowerless; flowering bracts often scarious-margined; bracteoles similar to bracts or narrower; calyx deeply 5-lobed, segments linear-lanceolate; corolla small, bluish or white, limb bilabiate, upper lip erect, entire or emarginate, lower lip spreading, 3-lobed; stamens 2, anthers 2-celled, cells parallel, subequal, or more often superposed, lower cell muticous or white-tailed; staminodes none; disc annular; ovary 4-ovulate; style filiform, entire or minutely bifid. Capsule ovoid or oblong, short stalked, often dehiscent, placentae with retinacula rising elastically from base of capsule, scattering the seeds; seeds 4 or fewer, compressed, orbicular, glabrous, verrucose.
