台灣植物誌 第二版  Flora of Taiwan, 2^nd edition    Vol. 5

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1. Inflorescence paniculate; hypogynium well developed .
2. Middle leaves of fertile culms clustered in groups forming pseudo-whorls.
3. Hypogynium cup-like, covering at least 1/2 of achene; achenes brownish to grayish black .7. S. sumatrensis
3. Hypogynium developed into a trilobed disk; achenes whitish to grayish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. S. scrobiculata
2. Leaves distinctly alternate, not in pseudo-whorls.
4. Slender annual, without conspicuous rhizome, 10-70 cm tall.
5. Disk-lobes elongated, acute at apex; achenes globose to somewhat depressed, smooth to cancellate and
pubescent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. S. biflora
5. Disk-lobes round, obtuse at apex; achenes globose to slightly oblong, smooth to rugulose. . . .5. S. rugosa
4. Perennial with woody, thick rhizome, 30 cm to 2 m tall.
6. Disk-lobes ovate to elongating deltoid, acute at apex; culms 30-90 cm long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. S. levis
6. Disk-lobes round to ovate, obtuse at apex; culms 60 cm to 2 m long.
7. Leaves pale green, pubescent on both surfaces, 10-25 mm wide, acute at apex, not elongated; spikelets
greenish to olivaceous brown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. S. laeviformis
7. Leaves dark green, glabrous, 4-20 mm wide, gradually narrowed into a very long apex; spikelets purpurish
to dark brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. S. terrestris
1. Scleria biflora Roxb., Fl. Ind. Ed. 2, 3: 573,1832; Koyama, Fl. Taiwan 5: 199. 1978. �G��ï]�T
Annual. Rhizome weak, poorly developed. Culms slender, loosely tufted, 10-60 cm tall, 1-2 mm
wide, glabrous. Leaves 2-4 mm thick, soft, smooth to sparsely pilose, abruptly narrowed to obtusish
apex; sheaths trigonous, narrowly winged, scabrous on angles; contraligule round, somewhat depressed,
ciliolate on margin. Inflorescence elongate, consisting of 2-4 panicles; terminal panicles longer than
later ones, 2-4 cm long; lateral panicles erect, single or binate; peduncles smooth or slightly scabrous;
branches short, patent; leaf-like bracts elongate, long sheathing at base. Spikelets unisexual or gynodioecious,
single or binate, greenish. Fruiting spikelets broadly obovoid, 4-4.5 mm long. Staminate spikes
lanceolate, 2-4 mm long. Achene globose to slightly depressed, 1.75-2 mm in diam., apex round to
short-beaked, white to slightly grayish, regularly cancellate, ferrugineous-pubescent or densely ferrugineous-
tomentose between lacunae, beak purplish to black; hypogynium deeply 3-lobed, lobes appressed
to achene, lanceolate, acute, gradually narrowed upward.
Ryukyus, southern China, southeastern Asia, India and Sri Lanka. Taiwan, in swamps and grassy
place at low altitude.
Taipei: Shulin, Odashima 17831. Taoyuan: Taoyuan, Shimada 329. Nantou: Tuchen, Kuoh 3856. Pingtung:
Nanjen lake, Leong 1060, Kaoshifo, Leong 1627.
2. Scleria laeviformis Tang et Wang, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 11: 215, pl. 59, 1-3. 1961. ���G�ï]�T
Scleria terrestris auct. Non (L.) Fassett: T. Koyama, Fl. Taiwan 5: 197. 1978, pro parte.
Perennial. Rhizome rather thick, short creeping, woody. Culms robust, erect to scrambling on
bushes, 60-250 cm tall, 5-15 mm thick, pubescent, scabrous on angles. Leaves 10-25 mm wide, herbaceous
to slightly coriaceous, puberulent, scabrous on margins and alone costas, acutish at apex; sheaths
trigonous, usually broadly winged, scabrous on angles; contraligule reddish brown to purplish brown,
round to somewhat depressed, pubescent. Inflorescence consisting of 3-5 compound panicles, 15-50 cm
long; panicles single or binate, peduncles ascending, puberulent, scabrous, long-exserted ; lowest bracts
slightly surpassing inflorescence. Spikelets unisexual or gynodioecious, greenish to olivaceous brown,
single or binate; Achene bearing spikelets broadly ovoid. Staminate spikes lanceolate, 3-4 mm long;
Stamens 3. Achene globose to ovate, 2.5-3 mm long, terete to obtusely trigonous, white to grayish, shining,
smooth; hypogynium shallowly 3-lobed, lobes appressed to achene, deltoid, obtuse at apex.
Southern and southwestern China. Taiwan, in lowland forest and thickets in south.
Nantou: Liyutan, Wang & H. M. Lin 3374; Pingtung: Nanjenshan, Leong 1838, Kaoshifo, Leong 1628.
3. Scleria levis Retz., Obs. 4: 13. 1786; Koyama, Fl. Taiwan 5: 198. 1978. ��G�ï]�T